Tobago In Wartime 1793 1815

Tobago in Wartime, 1793-1815

For review see: Micheal Duffy, in The American Historical Review, vo; 104, no. 1 (February 1999); p. 228-229.

Tobago in War Time, 1793-1815

Garvey, Garveyism, and the Antinomies in Black Redemption

This book about Marcus Mosiah Garvey attempts to situate Garvey and Garveyism within the perspectives of his age. From the eighteenth century onwards, several ideologies of black liberation were spawned in the Atlantic countries. In Haiti, the proposition became full scale revolution while Brazil, Jamaica, and the United States witnessed nearly two hundred years of rebellion. The aftermath of the American Revolution, and the crystallization of ?white supremacy? gave rise to a new wave of ideologies, beginning with the dominant theme of ?Back to Africa? promoted by Martin E. Delaney. This theme remained until the Great Depression of 1893-1897. Thereafter, there emerged a new group of spokesmen, with a shift from ?Back to Africa? to ?Africa for the Africans at Home and Abroad? with Marcus Mosiah Garvey and his Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) as its chief proponent. This new ideology was determined by an absolute divine ordination of ?race particularity? and ?race absolutism.? It was demarcated by reason and freedom that subsumed the centrality of the individual and gave priority to the group and the State, making as though it was absolutely true and necessary.